{"id":16263,"date":"2022-03-27T15:56:20","date_gmt":"2022-03-27T10:26:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medialit.in\/thevoices\/?p=16263"},"modified":"2022-03-28T11:59:08","modified_gmt":"2022-03-28T06:29:08","slug":"the-fading-trails-of-a-glorious-past-bengals-terracotta-art-and-artisans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medialit.in\/thevoices\/the-fading-trails-of-a-glorious-past-bengals-terracotta-art-and-artisans\/","title":{"rendered":"The fading trails of a glorious past… Bengal’s terracotta art and artisans."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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The word Terracotta has originated \u00a0from the Latin word \u2018Terra Cota\u2019, meaning \u2018baked earth\u2019. Terracotta is one of the foremost physical manifestations \u00a0of human imagination in all of human history. This \u00a0ancient art form characterised by figurines of Gods, Goddess, dancing girls, animals, tiles and toys has been the hallmark of Indian handicraft arts on the global platform since ancient times. \"\"
Terracotta artifacts dating back to approximately 7000 BC have been uncovered from various \u00a0archeological sites of the Indus Valley Civilization like Mohenjodaro, Birhana, Mehrgarh.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

The state of Bengal has always been the at the forefront of art and culture in South Asian region, and terracotta art is no exception. The earliest evidence of terracotta art in Bengal is from the Mauryan age between 324 to 187 BC. Later excavations found terracotta art remains at sites in Bankura, Birbhum, Murshidabad and other rural places in Bengal.
Even today it is quite common to find the characteristic \u2019Bankura horses\u2019 in majority of Bengali homes either in the form of an eight-feet high sculpture or a miniature in the living room.<\/p>\n

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The famous Bankura horses of Bengal<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

There are more than 88 families involved in production of terracotta art currently in Bankura, West Bengal.\u00a0\u201cThe demand remains high for horses as always. Couple of days back a few foreigners came and bought a few horses without even bargaining\u201d states\u00a0Nimai Charan Manna a local artist from Bankura district.
The potter\u2019s wheel, has played a pivotal role in the development of terracotta art. Bengal\u2019s ancient community of potters the kumbhakars produce everything from terracotta pots, toys, sculptures, wind chimes to temple panels.
The<\/span><\/strong> divine ties in Bengal\u2019s terracotta pottery tradition continue with the creation of an auspicious piece called, \u2018ghat\u2019. These are well-known not only within the state but nationwide. In Panchmura village of Bankura, there are 50-60 kumbhakar (potter) families with an expertise in creating terracotta \u2018ghats\u2019.<\/strong> \u201c<\/span>During the Bengali festival season , we get bulk orders for ghats but rest of the time we are busy making horses, tiles and other statues’\u2019 –\u00a0Dilip Sadhukhan a local terracotta artist.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\"\"For decades, the craftsmanship has been passed on from generation to generation, communities maintaining ethnic knowledge and expertise. \u201cMy grandfather Narayan Poddar used to be a terracotta kumbhakar (potter), then my father and all my uncles joined the family business, now I am doing it along with my four sons. Our family depends on the income of our artistic work only\u201d, says Bhanu Poddar a 72 years terracotta artist.
Inability to keep up with modern technology and a slump in demand due to a global pandemic has made survival an even tougher challenge for these artisans<\/strong>. \u201c<\/span>Can you provide me some work please? We are very poor, we don\u2019t get to eat properly, the income of the men in our family is not sufficient\u201d pleads a\u00a0teary eyed Surama Poddar, the 19 years old daughter-in-law of Bhanu Poddar.
Another young terracotta artist Shantu Khanra, from Panchmura village also was also found to be battling similar challenges, \u201cCovid<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0couldn\u2019t defeat us but our dying business will kill us for sure. Everyday we are struggling to survive by working hard with the hope of worldwide demand picking up like before. Bangla is the only place where terracotta art and business still exists\u201d.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n


\"\"The local government\u2019s attempts to encourage artisans for online marketing haven\u2019t produced results due to lack of resources and infrastructure. Today, these artisans are desperately looking for technological, financial and infrastructural support from the government for developing their terracotta business online.<\/p>\n

It is quite evident that without any intervention and support from the state, this glorious chapter of history of not just Bengal but of South-Asia might be lost forever and along with it the lives and livelihoods of millions of artisans who are a living proof of the rich cultural heritage of the Indian subcontinent.<\/p>\n\n

Photographs by: Pulak Lahiri
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Edited by: Raghujit S. Randhawa<\/strong><\/p>\n

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The word Terracotta has originated \u00a0from the Latin word \u2018Terra Cota\u2019, meaning \u2018baked earth\u2019. Terracotta is one of the foremost physical manifestations \u00a0of human imagination in all of human history. This \u00a0ancient art form characterised by figurines of Gods, Goddess, dancing girls, animals, tiles and toys has been the hallmark of Indian handicraft arts on<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":337,"featured_media":16591,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[259,72],"tags":[795,267,290,497,529,495,746,1210,504,561],"ppma_author":[1076],"class_list":{"0":"post-16263","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-society","8":"category-uncategorized","9":"tag-artandculture","10":"tag-art","11":"tag-bengal","12":"tag-ignousojnms-2","13":"tag-ignouthevoices","14":"tag-sojnms-2","15":"tag-sojnmsignou","16":"tag-terracotta","17":"tag-thevoices-2","18":"tag-thevoicesignou"},"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe fading trails of a glorious past... 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